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The is an Edo period historical analysis of Japanese history written in 1712 by Arai Hakuseki (1657-1725).〔Brownlee, John S. (1991). ''Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712),'' p. 5.〕 Hakuseki's innovative effort to understand and explain the history of Japan differs significantly from previous chronologies which were created by other writers, such as * ''Gukanshō'' (circa 1220) by Jien, whose work evidenced a distinctly Buddhist perspective;〔Brown, Delmer M.. (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 1-14.〕 or * ''Jinnō Shōtōki'' (1359) by Kitabatake Chikafusa, whose work evidenced a distinctly Shinto perspective;〔Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki,'' pp. 7-9, 12-15.〕 or * ''Nihon Ōdai Ichiran'' (1652) by Hayashi Gahō, whose work evidenced a distinctly neo-Confucian perspective.〔Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du japon,'' pp. 406, 412; Yamashita, Samuel Hideo. (2001). "Yamasaki Ansai and Confucian School Relations, 1650-16751" in ''Early Modern Japan,'' pp. 3-18.〕 Hakuseki's work avoids such easy categorization, and yet, he would have resisted being labeled non-Shinto, non-Buddhist, or non-Confucianist in his life or work. His analytical approach to history differed from his predecessors in that the ''Tokushi Yoron'' identifies a process of transferring power across generations. Earlier Japanese histories were intended, in large part, to be construed as documenting how the past legitimizes the present ''status quo.''〔Brownlee, John S. (1997) ''Japanese Historians and the National Myths, 1600-1945: The Age of the Gods and Emperor Jimmu,'' p. 45.〕 ''Tokushi Yoron'' is not without its problems. Hakuseki has been criticized for being overly casual in identifying the sources he used in writing. For example, he borrowed extensively from Hayashi Gahō's ''Nihon Ōdai Ichiran''; but he felt no need to acknowledge this fact.〔Brownlee, ''Japanese Historians,'' p. 44.〕 Nevertheless, the organizing schema of ''Tokushi Yoron'' presented the periodization of history on the basis of changes in political power; and this rational stance sets this work apart from its sources. ==See also== * Historiographical Institute of the University of Tokyo * International Research Center for Japanese Studies * Japanese Historical Text Initiative * Historiography of Japan 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tokushi Yoron」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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